Adaptation (stylized as Adaptation.) is a 2002 American metafictional comedy-drama film directed by Spike Jonze and written by Charlie Kaufman. It features a cast led by Nicolas Cage, Meryl Streep, and Chris Cooper, with Tilda Swinton, Cara Seymour, Brian Cox, Maggie Gyllenhaal, and Ron Livingston in supporting roles. Kaufman based Adaptation on his struggles to adapt Susan Orlean's 1998 nonfiction book The Orchid Thief while suffering from writer's block. It involves elements adapted from the book, plus fictitious elements, including Kaufman's twin brother (also credited as a writer for the film) and a romance between Orlean and John Laroche (Cooper). It culminates in completely invented elements, including versions of Orlean and Laroche three years after the events of
